The patient HA was involved in a motor vehicle accident in October 2014. She suffered a dislocated BWK7 / 8 fracture with paraplegia. She have OP in her country and 1 year rehabilitation in the best clinics in Germany. No relevant improvement.

She have had intensive therapy in our clinic for four times including Intrathecal Neuromodulation + Intravenous Neuromodulation + Robot-assisted movement training + Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) + Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) + Functional electrical stimulation (FES) 

After first therapy: The left leg and now the right one feels like more motor action and control. She feels here improvement in deep sensibility. In electromyography (EMG) it was more activity in left tibial muscle compared to test before therapy. In EMG of right quadriceps, tibial anterior and gastrocnemius have a couple of motor unit potentials which were absent in evaluation before therapy.

After second therapy: There is normalisation of thermoregulation and blood pressure regulation. The initially flaccid paraplegia of the legs has given way to a now pronounced spasticity. Both legs can be moved. But there are apparently more involuntary movements in the sense of spinal automatisms. The patient gives residual sensitivity in the area of the feet. Babinski positive on both sides. Significant increase in tone in the area of both legs regarding the Flexor and extensor muscles. There is a pes equinus situation on both sides.

After third therapy: She can stand up with support and walk 3 or 4 steps, SCIM (Spinal Cord Independence Measure , modified from Loewenstein, total score from 0-100) increased from 15 before therapies to 50 after three therapies.
Already after third therapy hat she phantom sensations (PS): she feel her leg when she press on her hand.
After last therapy she have new PS (Today is the first day I feel in my leg when I move my eyebrows)

HA: Doctor do you remember when I told you that I feel in my leg when I press on my hand ..?!
Now I feel on my leg when I move my eyebrows up !! I know it sounds weird but I also shocked when I feel it!!
Do you remember when you told me that you will send the reason why I feel like so .. ?!
Can you send it please. Because I wonder about that..
Here the short answer:
You have phantom sensations connected with cortical remapping
Here the longer answer:
Our brains are incredible, constantly changing and adapting; every second your brain fine-tunes connections between brain cells, called neurons, reflecting your everyday experiences. This works like a bunch of wires that can connect to one another in different pathways and can be rerouted. Another way to say this is “neurons that fire together, wire together.” This process of learning and adapting to experiences is known as neuroplasticity or neural plasticity. It is a well-documented occurrence in humans and animals.
The brain has distinct physical areas that have been found to relate to different functions and parts of the body.


Those two spots in the middle that read “primary motor cortex” and “primary sensory cortex” relate to the control of body movements, and the interpretation of stimuli as sensations like hot, cold, sharp, or dull. "Interpretation" means the brain uses this area to make sense of the signals it’s receiving from the rest of the body and decides what this feels like. These areas can be broken down by body structure, too.

The Brain Map

This next image, is the brain cut down the middle, looking from the back of someone’s head to the front. This image illustrates the physical areas of the brain that correlate to specific limbs and body parts. This representation is known as a homunculus.

See how the hand and facial features look massive? That’s because we do a lot with our hands, have delicate control of our facial expressions, and feel many textures with both. Thus, these areas need a lot of physical space in our brains.

Generally there are many information, that cortical remapping supports phantom sensations (see publication below).

If we stimulate neuroregeneration, it come to new connection between nerves. In your situation it come to connection between nerves from leg and nerves/ mapping area in the brain which are responsible for eyebrow movement. It is a sign of neuroregeneration. I see this in some my patients and I try to use it for the therapy. You should try to move the eyebrows and try to move your leg at the same time. If you make elektrostimulations – try to move your eyebrow in tempo of elektrostimulations.

 

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Dec 19;97(26):14703-8.

Referred phantom sensations and cortical reorganization after spinal cord injury in humans.

Moore CI1, Stern CE, Dunbar C, Kostyk SK, Gehi A, Corkin S.

Abstract

To test the hypothesis that cortical remapping supports phantom sensations, we examined referred phantom sensations and cortical activation in humans after spinal-cord injury (SCI) at the thoracic level (T3-T12). Of 12 SCI subjects, 9 reported phantom sensations, and 2 reported referred phantom sensations. In both of these subjects, referred phantom sensations were evoked by contact in reference zones (RZ) that were not adjacent in the periphery and were not predicted to be adjacent in the postcentral gyrus (PoCG), suggesting that representations separated by centimeters of cortical space were simultaneously engaged. This finding was supported by functional MRI (fMRI). In a subject with a T6-level complete SCI, contact in RZ on the left or right forearm projected referred phantom sensations to the ipsilateral chest. During fMRI, contact in either forearm RZ evoked activity in the central PoCG (the position of the forearm representation) and the medial PoCG (the position of the chest representation) with >/=1.6 cm of nonresponsive cortex intervening. In contrast, stimulation in non-RZ forearm and palm regions in this subject and in lesion-matched SCI subjects evoked central but not medial PoCG activation. Our findings support a relation between PoCG activation and the percept of referred phantom sensations. These results, however, present an alternative to somatotopic cortical reorganization, namely, cortical plasticity expressed in coactivation of nonadjacent representations. The observed pattern suggests that somatotopic subcortical remapping, projected to the cortex, can support perceptual and cortical reorganization after deafferentation in humans.